Exclusionary Rule
The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution provides, “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against…
Eisenhower, Dwight D.
As the first Republican president since Herbert Hoover, Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890–1969) saw it as his responsibility to peel back what he perceived as…
Burbank v. Lockheed Air Terminal (1973)
Burbank v. Lockheed Air Terminal (1973) concerns an ordinance passed by the City of Burbank, California, prohibiting jet aircraft from taking off from the city’s…
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, the landmark 1954 Supreme Court case that pronounced state-mandated segregation in public schools unconstitutional, was a…
Harlan, John Marshall
ohn Marshall Harlan, the grandson of the associate justice of the Supreme Court of the same name, was born on May 20, 1899, in Chicago. A…
Fifteenth Amendment
Congress approved the Fifteenth Amendment in February 1869, and the required number of states ratified the amendment by March 1870. The amendment prohibited discrimination…
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
On May 18, 1896, little more than three decades after the end of the Civil War, a majority of the U.S. Supreme Court ruled…
Bronson v. Kinzie (1843)
Bronson v. Kinzie (1843) involved an 1825 Illinois law under which property owners could redeem land they sold within twelve months by repaying the…
Taney, Roger Brooke
Roger Brooke Taney (1777–1864) was the fifth chief justice of the United States. Although he was one of our most intelligent and able jurists,…
Rehnquist, William
Appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court by President Richard M. Nixon, William H. Rehnquist served as associate justice from 1972 until 1986, when President…
Burger, Warren Earl
Warren Earl Burger was born on September 17, 1907, in St. Paul, Minnesota. He graduated from St. Paul College of Law (now called the…
Brandeis, Louis D.
Louis D. Brandeis was born on November 13, 1856, in Louisville, Kentucky. He studied at Harvard Law School and later began a law practice…
Categorical Grants
Categorical grants comprise the bulk of activity in the federal grant-in-aid system, both in terms of the number of programs and the amount of…
